Section C: Non-Narrative Text
The article below is about The Exquisite World of Opals.
1
At first glance, opals might not seem very captivating. Their rough, unpolished state can look much like a simple rock. Moreover, they don’t belong to the primary group of precious gemstones like diamonds or emeralds, but rather, they find their classification in the semi-precious category. Yet, despite these initial assumptions, the opal has remained one of the most admired and costly jewels in the jewelry industry.
2
This year, at a prestigious event for heritage preservation, guests attending a gala at The Luminous Hotel in Sydney's renowned Harbour District will be treated to an exhibition featuring opals from the Lightning Ridge area - the most coveted opals globally. Patrons at the event will also have the chance to participate in an auction showcasing some rare opal specimens brought directly from the mines of South Australia to Sydney for this distinctive occasion. Those who win the bids will be given a private viewing session and the opportunity to have custom jewelry designed featuring their newly-acquired gemstones.
3
Of the various types of opals, only a select few display the vibrant play-of-color that makes them valuable in jewelry-making. In recent times, as the demand for opals has grown, markets have seen an influx of subpar varieties. Consequently, inexperienced collectors might end up spending significant amounts for an opal that lacks the desired brilliance. Furthermore, while gem enthusiasts claim that an opal’s shimmering colors create an unparalleled visual delight, only a certain percentage genuinely recognize the intricate patterns. The rest might only see a stone without the signature opalescent glow or even mistake it for a regular pebble!
4
Another challenge in the world of opals is their extraction. Because opals are formed in crevices and underground pockets, often beneath a significant amount of sediment or rock, miners need to employ advanced techniques. Historically, miners would rely on simple pickaxes and manual labor, which was both strenuous and time-consuming. The process was also fraught with risk, as the manual digging could damage the opal. Over the years, there has been an increasing threat of the precious stone being consumed in the excavation process. Thus, in many modern operations, miners now use machinery and trained teams, ensuring that the opal is extracted with minimal risk of damage. Even with these advancements, the extraction remains labor-intensive, as miners meticulously unearth these gems to ensure their pristine condition.
5
Another challenge in the world of opals is their extraction. Because opals are formed in crevices and underground pockets, often beneath a significant amount of sediment or rock, miners need to employ advanced techniques. Historically, miners would rely on simple pickaxes and manual labor, which was both strenuous and time-consuming. The process was also fraught with risk, as the manual digging could damage the opal. Over the years, there has been an increasing threat of the precious stone being consumed in the excavation process. Thus, in many modern operations, miners now use machinery and trained teams, ensuring that the opal is extracted with minimal risk of damage. Even with these advancements, the extraction remains labor-intensive, as miners meticulously unearth these gems to ensure their pristine condition.
Questions
Qn14. With reference to Paragraph 1, give two reasons why people might not expect opals to be so celebrated. [2]
(i)
(ii)
Qn15. With reference to Paragraph 2, give two ways in which opals are being used to raise cultural awareness. [2]
(i)
(ii)
Qn16. In Paragraph 2, which two-word phrase suggests that the guests' next visit to the exhibition could be special for them in particular? [1]
Qn17. Imagine a conversation between two gem enthusiasts, Ava and Diego, who have read the article.
Ava - I believe spending significantly on a piece of opal jewelry is absolutely worth it.
Diego - I’m unsure; it might not live up to the expectations.
Qn17. (a) With reference to Paragraph 3, give two reasons why Ava thinks trying opals is worth paying a lot of money for. [2]
(i)
(ii)
Qn17. (b) Give two details from Paragraph 3 which Diego can use to justify his opinion. [2]
(i)
(ii)
Qn18. In Paragraph 4, opals are described as requiring specific conditions to form. From the information given, explain in your own words what these specific conditions are. [1]
Qn19. Using your own words as far as possible, explain why it is difficult to grow and harvest opals.
Use only information from Paragraphs 4 and 5.
Your summary must be in continuous writing (not note form). It must not be longer than 80 words (not counting the words given to help you begin). [15]
Opals are hard for farmers to grow because they need…